Performance and healthcare analysis in elite sports teams using artificial intelligence: a scoping review.

Introduction: In competitive sports, teams are increasingly relying on advanced systems for improved performance and results. This study reviews the literature on the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in managing these complexities and encouraging a system thinking shift. It found various AI applications, including performance enhancement, healthcare, technical and tactical support, talent identification, game prediction, business growth, and AI testing innovations. The main goal of the study was to assess research supporting performance and healthcare. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted on databases such as Pubmed, Web of Sciences, and Scopus to find articles using AI to understand or improve sports team performance. Thirty-two studies were selected for review. Results: The analysis shows that, of the thirty-two articles reviewed, fifteen focused on performance and seventeen on healthcare. Football (Soccer) was the most researched sport, making up 67% of studies. The revised studies comprised 2,823 professional athletes, with a gender split of 65.36% male and 34.64% female. Identified AI and non-AI methods mainly included Tree-based techniques (36%), Ada/XGBoost (19%), Neural Networks (9%), K-Nearest Neighbours (9%), Classical Regression Techniques (9%), and Support Vector Machines (6%). Conclusions: This study highlights the increasing use of AI in managing sports-related healthcare and performance complexities. These findings aim to assist researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in developing practical applications and exploring future complex systems dynamics.

Analyzing ECG signals in professional football players using machine learning techniques.

Background: Football player's health is important, and preventing sudden cardiac arrest may be a critical issue. Professional football players have different ECG signals than the average population, yet there are considerable gaps in study whereas the general population has been extensively studied. Objectives: (a) Generate a reference and innovative resting 12-lead ECG database from 54 UEFA PRO level male football players from La Liga. This is a novel approach to cope the ECG and possible arrythmias in athletes. (b) Manage each XML athlete ECG data and develop a free-use program to visualize, denoise and filter the signal with the capacity to automate the labelling of the waves and save the reports. (c) Study the ECG wave shape and generate models through ML to analyse its utility to automate basic diagnosis. Methods: The dataset collection is based on a prospective observational cohort and includes 10 s, 12-lead ECGs and rhythm and condition labels for each athlete. Physiological sport arrhythmias, T-Wave shape and other findings were studied and labelled. ECG Visualizer was developed and used for 3 machine learning (ML) methods to automate sinus bradycardia arrhythmia diagnosis. Results: A dataset with 163 ECGs in XML format was collected comprising the Pro Football 12-lead Resting Electrocardiogram Database (PF12RED). "ECG Visualizer" software was developed, and ML was shown to be useful in detecting sinus bradycardia. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that AI and machine learning can detect simple arrhythmias with accuracy, also it provides a valuable dataset and a free software application.

[Calcaneal fractures: controversies and consensus]. / Fracturas de calcáneo: controversias y consensos.

Calcaneal fractures are the most common tarsal fractures and their treatment is still debated today. We intend in this update to highlight the points of controversy and clarify the consensus, especially in the treatment of intra-articular fractures, as well as to describe the management of major complications.

Las fracturas de calcáneo son las más frecuentes del tarso y su tratamiento sigue siendo hoy en día objeto de debate. Pretendemos en esta actualización destacar los puntos de controversia, así como clarificar los consensos, especialmente en el tratamiento de las fracturas intraarticulares, así como describir el manejo de las principales complicaciones.

Transition between paraxial and Helmholtz Fourier spaces.

Different correction methods for paraxial solutions have been used when such solutions extend out of the paraxial regime. Mapping functions play a fundamental role in them. This paper analyzes how to translate directions of paraxial wavevectors into Helmholtz wavevectors. Two possible mappings that are commonly used are examined, and a new mapping is proposed. The three mappings are classified in the framework of the full wave correction schemes.

Continuous pain and swelling after humerus fracture in an 86-years-old woman.

Metastases to bone are the most frequent cause of destructive lesions to the skeleton in adults . The tumours that are most likely to metastasize to bone are prostate (32%), breast (22%), kidney (16%), lung and thyroid. The typical distribution of metastatic lesions are to the spine, ribs, pelvis, and proximal limb girdles. The humerus is the second most common site for long bone metastases, behind only the femur in its frequency of involvement . It represents the 20% of all bony metastases. We present a clinical case of an 86 yo woman with a previous diagnosis of myofibroblastic sarcoma of the maxillaris who suffers a pathological fracture of the humeral shaft secondary to metastasis and was misdiagnosed and treated for a typical humeral fracture using and intramedullary pinning (Hackethal technique), producing the progression of the disease within the humeral shaft. Due to the end state of the disease (multiple metastases), we decided to perform a palliative treatment with radiotherapy. This particular case report does confirm that is very important to rule out a malignancy in cases of osteolytic or poorly marginated lesions, particularly in patients older than 40 years of age. Therefore, it is imperative that the treating physician has a rational and effective approach to the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of these patients in order to avoid a malpractice.

Las metástasis del hueso son la causa más frecuente de lesiones destructivas del esqueleto en adultos. Los tumores que tienen más probabilidades de metastatizar a los huesos son próstata (32%), mama (22%), riñón (16%), pulmón y tiroides. La distribución típica de las lesiones metastásicas es a la columna vertebral, las costillas, la pelvis y las cinturas escapular y pélvica. El húmero es el segundo sitio más común para metástasis en huesos largos, sólo detrás del fémur en su frecuencia, representando el 20% de todas las metástasis óseas. Se presenta un caso clínico de una mujer de 86 años con diagnóstico previo de sarcoma miofibroblástico de mandíbula que sufre una fractura patológica de la diáfisis humeral secundaria a metástasis, se diagnosticó erróneamente y se trató como si fuera una fractura normal utilizando pinning intramedular (técnica de Hackethal), produciendo la progresión de la enfermedad dentro de la diáfisis humeral. Debido al estadio final de la enfermedad (metástasis múltiples), decidimos realizar un tratamiento paliativo con radioterapia. Este caso en particular confirma que es muy importante descartar una neoplasia maligna en casos de lesiones osteolíticas o mal delimitadas, particularmente en pacientes mayores de 40 años de edad. Por lo tanto, es imprescindible que el médico tratante tenga un enfoque racional y efectivo para la evaluación diagnóstica y el tratamiento de estos pacientes con el fin de evitar una mala práctica.

Tibiotalocalcaneal fusion with a cemented coated retrograde nail as a salvage procedure for infected ORIF of the ankle. / Artrodesis tibiotalocalcánea con clavo retrógrado cementado con antibiótico en rescate de osteosíntesis infectada de tobillo.

Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis is an effective salvage procedure in cases of combined ankle and subtalar osteoarthritis as well as severe multiplanar deformities and severe joint destruction of the hindfoot. Special mention should be made of this procedure in cases of bone loss, especially from the talus, secondary to failed previous surgeries or bone infection, often being the only way to achieve a stable and painless foot and ankle. We present a case of ankle fracture in a patient with associated morbidity and multiple complications following osteosynthesis, in which tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis with cemented with antibiotic coated retrograde nail has achieved a satisfactory final result.

Perfil lipídico e inflamación en pacientes con artritis reumatoidea: una contradicción? / Lipid profile and inflammatory state in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los pacientes con artritis reumatoidea (AR) presentan una mobimortalidad cardiovascular (CV) 50-60% más alta comparada con la población general. En este grupo poblacional, la carga inflamatoria acumulada, medida por los niveles de VSG y PCR durante un período prolongado, se ha asociado con aterosclerosis subclínica, riesgo cardiovascular y mortalidad. En contrapartida, la presencia de un estado pro-inflamatorio conduciría a una disminución del colesterol total (CT), colesterol HDL y colesterol LDL, por lo que la contribución de los lípidos como factor de riesgo CV es, ciertamente, contradictorio. OBJETIVO Correlacionar los reactantes de fase aguda (VSG-PCR) y los valores de lípidos (CT, HDL, LDL) en una muestra de pacientes con AR. PACIENTES Y METODO: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, analítico, en el que se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de AR según criterios ACR/EULAR 2010. La relación entre los valores de CT, HDL, LDL con la PCR y VSG se analizó con correlación de Pearson. Dada la distribución no simétrica de los valores de PCR, se obtuvo una transformación logarítmica (logaritmo normal) de la misma. En un segundo modelo, los valores de CT, HDL y LDL se correlacionaron con el logaritmo normal de la PCR realizando distintos cortes de la misma (concentración de PCR ≤5 mg/l, > 5 a 10 mg/l). Finalmente, las correlaciones significativas, se incluyeron en un modelo de regresión lineal multivariado ajustado por edad, género, tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad, uso de hipolipemiantes, medicamentos biológicos y dosis de glucocorticoides. RESULTADOS El análisis de este estudio incluyó 449 mediciones del perfil de lípidos y reactantes de fase aguda (PCR y VSG) correspondientes a 318 pacientes. Los pacientes fueron predominantemente mujeres (79.5%), con una edad media (desviación estándar) de 57.7 (12.3) años. La mediana (rango intercuartilo) del tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad fue de 74.0 (108.0) meses. La mayoría de los pacientes eran seropositivos (67%). La correlación entre PCR y CT (r= 0.16; p= 0.60), así como sus fracciones HDL (0.09; p= 0.30) y LDL (r= 0.09; p= 0.36), fueron débiles. En el sub-análisis de la PCR dividida en tres valores de corte, tanto el CT (r= -0.18 a 0.09) y la fracción LDL (r= -0.34 a 0.11) mostraron correlaciones débiles, independientemente del valor de corte analizado de PCR. Por el contrario, se observó una correlación positiva moderada entre los valores positivos intermedios de PCR y HDL (r= 0.53; p= 0.01). Las correlación entre VSG y CT (r=- 0.03; p= 0.58), así como su fracción LDL (r= 0.10; p= 0.88), fueron débiles. Se observó una correlación negativa débil, pero estadísticamente significativa entre VSG y la fracción HDL (r=-0.14; p= 0.02). En el análisis multivariado de regresión lineal la VSG mantuvo una asociación negativa y significativa con los valores de colesterol HDL (coeficiente ß= -0.179, IC95% -0.28 -0.07; p= 0.001). CONCLUSION: En este estudio pudimos corroborar una relación inversa, aunque débil, entre la VSG y la fracción HDLcolesterol, por el contrario, no pudimos reproducir los hallazgos previamente publicados sobre la relación inversa entre la PCR y los niveles séricos de colesterol y sus fracciones. (AU)

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of premature mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The risk of CVD mortality is increased by approximately 50% compared to the general population. In patients with RA, the cumulative inflammatory burden, as measured by the levels of the globular sedimentation rate (GSR) and the Creactive protein (CRP), has been associated with sub-clinical atherosclerosis, CV risk and mortality. On the contrary, the presence of a proinflammatory state, as observed in patients with RA, may lead to a decline of the total cholesterol (TC) and HDL fraction. This observation suggests that inflammation may play a confounding role in the association of lipids with CVD. OBJETIVO: To correlate acute phase reactants (GSR and CRP) with the lipid measurements (TC, HDL and LDL) in a sample of patients with RA. PATIENTS Y METHOD: In this observational, retrospective and analytic study, we included 318 patients fulfilling the CR/EULAR 2010 criteria for RA. The relationship between the TC, HDL, LDL and the CRP (normal logarithm) and GSR was analyzed with the Pearson´s correlation. In a second model, the relationship of the TC, HDL and LDL with the normal logarithm of CRP was analyzed using different cutoff values (CRP ≤5 mg/l, > 5 a <10 mg/l y >10 mg/l). Finally, all the significant correlations were included in a multivariate linear regression model adjusting for age, gender, disease duration, use of lipid lowering drugs, biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs and glucocorticoid doses. RESULTS: The study included 449 measurements of the lipid profile and acute phase reactants. Patients were predominantly women (79.5%) with mean (SD) age of 57.7 (12.3) years. Median (IQR) disease duration was 74.0 (108.0) months. Most of the patients (67%) were either positive for the rheumatoid factor and/or anti-citrullinated antibodies. The correlation of the CRP and TC (r= 0.16; p= 0.6) and their fractions HDL (0.09; p= 0.30) and LDL (r= 0.09; p= 0.36) were positive and weak. In the sub-analyses using the three cut-off values of the CRP, the correlations of both, TC (r= -0.18 to 0.09) and LDL (r= -0.34 to 0.11) were also weak. On the contrary, the correlation between the intermediate values of CRP and HDL was positive and moderate (r= 0.53; p= 0.01). The correlation of the GSR and TC (r=-0.03; p= 0.58) and LDL (r= 0.10; p= 0.88) were weak. There was, however, a negative and significant, although weak correlation between the GSR and HDL (r=-0.14; p= 0.02). In the multivariate analyses, the GSR had a negative and significant association with the levels of HDL (ß coefficient = -0.179, 95%CI - 0.28 -0.07; p= 0.001). CONCLUSION: In this study we confirmed an inverse, although weak, relationship between the GSR and HDL-cholesterol. On the contrary, we were not able to reproduce previous published data regarding the inverse relationship between the CRP values and the levels of the TC or their fractions. (AU)

Pre-operative haemoglobin levels and iron status in a large multicentre cohort of patients undergoing major elective surgery.

Pre-operative anaemia in patients undergoing major surgical procedures has been linked to poor outcomes. Therefore, early detection and treatment of pre-operative anaemia is recommended. However, to effectively implement a pre-operative anaemia management protocol, an estimation of its prevalence and main causes is needed. We analysed data from 3342 patients (44.5% female) scheduled for either: elective orthopaedic surgery (n = 1286); cardiac surgery (n = 691); colorectal cancer resection (n = 735); radical prostatectomy (n = 362); gynaecological surgery (n = 203) or resection of liver metastases (n = 122). For both sexes, anaemia was defined by a haemoglobin level < 130 g.l-1 ; absolute iron deficiency by ferritin < 30 ng.ml-1 (< 100 ng.ml-1 , if transferrin saturation < 20% or C-reactive protein > 5 mg.l-1 ); iron sequestration by transferrin saturation < 20% and ferritin > 100 ng.ml-1 ; and low iron stores by transferrin saturation > 20% and ferritin 30-100 ng.ml-1 . The overall prevalence of anaemia was 36%, with differences according to the type of surgery. Laboratory parameters allowing classification of iron status were available for 2884 patients. Among those with anaemia (n = 986), 677 (69%) were women, 608 (62%) presented with absolute iron deficiency, 101 (10%) with iron sequestration; and 150 (5%) with low iron stores. Iron status alterations were similar in women with haemoglobin < 130 g.l-1 or < 120 g.l-1 . For those who were not anaemic (n = 1898), corresponding figures were 656 (35%), 621 (33%), 165 (9%) and 518 (27%), respectively. Anaemia was present in one-third of patients undergoing major elective procedures. Over two-thirds of anaemic patients presented with absolute iron deficiency or iron sequestration. Over half of non-anaemic patients presented with absolute iron deficiency or low iron stores. We consider these data useful for planning pre-operative management of patients scheduled for major elective surgery.

Angular spectral framework to test full corrections of paraxial solutions: erratum.

In our previous article [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A32, 1236 (2015)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.32.001236] there is an issue concerning the comparison of plane wave spectrum solutions of paraxial and Helmholtz equations. We compared the angular plane wave spectrum of Helmholtz solutions with the plane wave spectrum of the paraxial solutions in terms of normalized projections of paraxial wave vectors. We show that the proper comparison of plane wave spectra must be done in terms of angles. The results presented in our previous work are corrected accordingly. The most important change is that Wünsche's T2 operator leads to a valid method.

Angular spectral framework to test full corrections of paraxial solutions.

Different correction methods for paraxial solutions have been used when such solutions extend out of the paraxial regime. The authors have used correction methods guided by either their experience or some educated hypothesis pertinent to the particular problem that they were tackling. This article provides a framework so as to classify full wave correction schemes. Thus, for a given solution of the paraxial wave equation, we can select the best correction scheme of those available. Some common correction methods are considered and evaluated under the proposed scope. Another remarkable contribution is obtained by giving the necessary conditions that two solutions of the Helmholtz equation must accomplish to accept a common solution of the parabolic wave equation as a paraxial approximation of both solutions.

Interaction of DPP10a with Kv4.3 channel complex results in a sustained current component of human transient outward current Ito.

The sustained component of the K(+) outward current in human atrial myocytes is believed to be due to the slowly inactivating ultra-rapid potassium current I Kur and not to the fast inactivating transient outward current Ito. Here we provide evidence for contribution of Ito to this late current due to the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-like protein (DPP) 10 (DPP10a) interacting with Kv4.3 channels. We studied the late current component of Ito in human atrial myocytes and CHO cells co-expressing Kv4.3 or Kv4.3/KChIP2 (control) and DPP proteins using voltage-clamp technique and a pharmacological approach. A voltage dependent and slowly inactivating late current (43% of peak amplitude) could be observed in atrial myocytes. We found a similar current in CHO cells expressing Kv4.3/KChIP2 + DPP10a, but not in cells co-expressing Kv4.3 + DPP or Kv4.3/KChIP2 + DPP6-S. Assuming that DPP10a influences atrial Ito, we detected DPP10 expression of three alternatively spliced mRNAs, DPP10 protein and colocalization of Kv4.3 and DPP10 proteins in human atrial myocytes. DPP10a did not affect properties of expressed Kv1.5 excluding a contribution to the sustained IKur in atrial cells. To test for the contribution of Kv4-based Ito on sustained K(+) outward currents in human atrial myocytes, we used 4-AP to block IKur, in combination with Heteropoda toxin 2 to block Kv4 channels. We could clearly separate an Ito fraction of about 19% contributing to the late current in atrial myocytes. Thus, the interaction of DPP10a, expressed in human atrium, with Kv4.3 channels generates a sustained current component of Ito, which may affect late repolarization phase of atrial action potentials.

Transition between free-space Helmholtz equation solutions with plane sources and parabolic wave equation solutions.

The slowly varying envelope approximation is applied to the radiation problems of the Helmholtz equation with a planar single-layer and dipolar sources. The analyses of such problems provide procedures to recover solutions of the Helmholtz equation based on the evaluation of solutions of the parabolic wave equation at a given plane. Furthermore, the conditions that must be fulfilled to apply each procedure are also discussed. The relations to previous work are given as well.

Introducción, definición y medida del exceso de peso en adolescentes / No disponible

No disponible

Comorbilidades del exceso ponderal en el adolescente / No disponible

No disponible

Ergosterol from Phytophthora drechsleri, a unusual metabolite of a member of this genus.

Ergosterol was isolated from the plant pathogenic pseudofungus Phytophthora drechsleri grown on clarified V8 booth (CV8-B). Its structure was confirmed by comparison to an authentic sample. The species was identified by morphological analysis and molecular characterization by PCR: ITS (Internal transcribed spaces). This is the first report of this sterol in Phytophthora. This result is unusual because Phytophthora fungi were previously thought to be unable to synthesize sterols and the Oomycetes in general do not produce ergosterol.